John Calvin is best known for his
theological system, often referred to as Calvinism, which emphasizes the sovereignty of God in all things, particularly in salvation (predestination).
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
* Sovereignty of God: Central to Calvin's theology is the idea that God is in absolute control of everything that happens.
* Predestination: This is perhaps the most well-known and often debated aspect of Calvinism. It's the belief that God has eternally chosen some for salvation (the "elect") and others for damnation. This choice is not based on anything humans do or could do.
* Institutes of the Christian Religion: Calvin's systematic theology, this book is a comprehensive explanation of his beliefs and remains highly influential in Reformed theology.
* Reformed Theology: Calvin's teachings formed the basis for the Reformed tradition within Protestantism. Many Presbyterian, Reformed Baptist, and Continental Reformed churches trace their roots back to Calvin.
* Influence on Society: Calvin's ideas had a significant impact on the development of Western society, particularly in areas like government, economics, and education. He promoted a strong work ethic and believed in the importance of civic responsibility.
* Theocracy in Geneva: Calvin played a key role in the governance of Geneva, Switzerland, where he established a theocratic system that enforced strict moral codes.
So, while he was a pastor, reformer, and scholar, his enduring legacy lies in the theological system of Calvinism and its lasting impact on Christianity and Western culture.