The Bible does not explicitly state that anyone "purchased" land in the way we typically think of it today (with deeds, legal contracts, and currency as we know it). However, the closest parallel is likely
Abraham.
Here's why:
* The Cave of Machpelah (Genesis 23): Abraham negotiated and paid for the Cave of Machpelah near Hebron from Ephron the Hittite to use as a burial ground for his wife Sarah. While the form of payment wasn't modern currency, he weighed out 400 shekels of silver "current money with the merchant," making it a clear transaction involving a transfer of value in exchange for land.
* God's Promise vs. Possession: While God promised Abraham and his descendants the entire land of Canaan, Abraham himself only ever owned this small plot of land - the Cave of Machpelah.
Therefore, while other figures in the Bible may have acquired land through conquest or inheritance, Abraham's purchase of the Cave of Machpelah is the most direct example of a land transaction described in the Bible.