Matthew, traditionally considered the author of the Gospel of Matthew, plays a significant role in the Bible, both as a person and as the writer of his Gospel. Here's a breakdown of his purpose:
As an Apostle (Matthew the Person):
* Witness to Jesus's Ministry: As one of the twelve apostles chosen by Jesus, Matthew was a direct eyewitness to Jesus's life, teachings, miracles, death, and resurrection. He was part of Jesus's inner circle and learned directly from him.
* Represents God's Grace: Matthew was a tax collector, a profession despised by the Jewish people because they often collaborated with the Roman authorities and were seen as corrupt. Jesus's choice of Matthew as an apostle demonstrated God's grace and inclusivity, showing that salvation was available to everyone, even those considered outcasts.
* To Spread the Gospel: Like the other apostles, Matthew's purpose after Jesus's ascension was to spread the Gospel message throughout the world, making disciples of all nations (Matthew 28:19-20).
As the Author of the Gospel of Matthew:
* Present Jesus as the Jewish Messiah/King: A primary purpose of Matthew's Gospel is to present Jesus as the promised Messiah, the King of the Jews, fulfilling the prophecies of the Old Testament. Matthew frequently quotes Old Testament passages and shows how Jesus's life and ministry align with them. He emphasizes Jesus's lineage from David and Abraham, solidifying his claim to the throne of David.
* Connects Old and New Testaments: Matthew bridges the gap between the Old and New Testaments, showing how the Old Testament prophecies and covenants find their fulfillment in Jesus Christ. He demonstrates the continuity of God's plan of salvation throughout history.
* Teach Jewish Converts (and others): Matthew's Gospel is often considered to be written primarily for a Jewish audience. It explains Jesus's teachings in a way that would be understandable to those familiar with Jewish customs, laws, and scriptures. However, the message is universal and applicable to all believers, regardless of their background.
* Provide a Catechism/Manual for Discipleship: Matthew's Gospel includes key teachings of Jesus, such as the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7), parables about the Kingdom of Heaven, and instructions on how to live as a disciple. It served as a resource for new Christians to learn about their faith and live according to Jesus's teachings.
* To demonstrate the Kingdom of Heaven: Matthew's gospel highlights the kingdom of heaven, showing how Jesus is establishing a new order, a new kingdom that transcends earthly realms.
* Preserve the truth about Jesus: Matthew wrote his gospel to preserve the truth about Jesus, in order to combat heresies that were popping up at the time.
In Summary:
Matthew's purpose in the Bible is multifaceted. He was a witness, a disciple, and an apostle who shared the Gospel through his life and teachings. As the author of the Gospel of Matthew, he presents Jesus as the Jewish Messiah, connects the Old and New Testaments, and provides a foundational understanding of the Christian faith. His Gospel remains a vital source for understanding Jesus's life, teachings, and significance for both Jewish and Gentile believers.