While often referred to as "demigods" in English translations, the figures in Hindu mythology that we call demigods are complex beings with different roles and powers than the Supreme Gods. Here's why they're not considered "Gods" in the same way:
* Hierarchy and Authority: Hindu cosmology posits a Supreme Being or Brahman, which is the ultimate reality and source of all existence. The major deities (Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma, Shakti) are considered manifestations or aspects of this Brahman. The so-called demigods, like Indra, Agni, Vayu, etc., are powerful beings within the cosmic hierarchy but are still subordinate to these Supreme Gods. They derive their power and authority from them.
* Limited Power and Impermanence: While the demigods wield significant power, their power is finite and delegated. They are also subject to the laws of karma and reincarnation, just like humans. They can experience joys and sorrows, and are not eternally free from the cycle of birth and death. The Supreme Gods, on the other hand, are considered to be beyond such limitations.
* Specific Roles and Responsibilities: Demigods are often assigned specific roles in the cosmic order, such as controlling elements (Agni for fire, Vayu for wind), or presiding over certain realms. Their duties are essential to maintaining the balance of the universe. However, their roles are not all-encompassing like those of the major deities.
* Moral Imperfections: Unlike the idealized and often morally perfect (though complex) Supreme Gods, demigods can exhibit flaws, weaknesses, and sometimes even negative qualities like jealousy, pride, or anger. This makes them more relatable to humans, but also distinguishes them from the divine perfection associated with the main deities.
* Dependence on Worship and Sacrifices: Demigods often gain strength and sustenance through offerings and sacrifices made by humans. This dependence further emphasizes their position as beings who are part of the created universe, rather than the source of it.
* Purpose of Existence: Demigods are considered to be powerful celestial beings created by the gods to manage the universe and its energies. Their purpose is to govern different natural aspects, such as elements, directions, and aspects of time.
In essence, the term "demigod" can be misleading. It implies a half-divine status, which doesn't fully capture the nature of these beings. They are more accurately understood as powerful celestial beings, or celestial administrators, who play vital roles in the Hindu cosmic framework but are distinct from the Supreme Gods who embody ultimate reality and divine power. The term *deva* is more accurate than demigod.
It's also important to remember that Hindu beliefs and interpretations can vary widely, and the exact relationship between the Supreme Gods and the Devas (demigods) may be understood differently in different traditions and schools of thought.