The seven major gifts of the Holy Spirit, as traditionally understood in Catholic theology and some other Christian traditions, are:
1. Wisdom: This is more than just knowledge; it's the ability to see things from God's perspective and to value eternal truths over earthly ones. It allows us to judge rightly about the things of God and direct our thoughts and actions toward Him.
2. Understanding: This gift helps us to grasp the deeper meaning of the truths of our faith, Scripture, and the teachings of the Church. It allows us to penetrate beyond the surface and see the significance of things.
3. Counsel (Right Judgment): This gift guides us to make sound judgments in practical matters, especially those involving moral choices. It helps us to discern God's will and choose the right course of action.
4. Fortitude (Courage): This gift gives us the strength and courage to stand up for what is right, even in the face of adversity, fear, or persecution. It enables us to persevere in our faith and to overcome obstacles in our spiritual journey.
5. Knowledge: This gift goes beyond simple information; it's a deeper understanding of God's plan for our lives and the world. It allows us to see the connection between created things and God, and to use our knowledge to glorify Him.
6. Piety (Reverence): This gift inspires us to have a deep love and respect for God and for all things related to Him. It fosters a spirit of prayer, worship, and service, and allows us to see God's presence in others.
7. Fear of the Lord (Wonder and Awe): This is not a fear of being punished by God, but rather a profound reverence and awe in the presence of His majesty and power. It inspires us to avoid sin and to remain close to God. It acknowledges God's greatness and our dependence on Him.
It's important to note that these gifts are not meant to be exhaustive lists of everything the Holy Spirit can give. There are other ways the Spirit works in the lives of believers, and various traditions may emphasize different aspects of the Spirit's work. Some traditions emphasize other gifts mentioned in the New Testament such as prophecy, healing, speaking in tongues, etc.