There are several groups and individuals throughout history who have rejected the idea that Jesus is the Son of God. Here are some prominent examples:
Historically and Traditionally:
* Judaism: Judaism, the religion from which Christianity emerged, does not accept Jesus as the Messiah or the Son of God. They believe that the Messiah is yet to come and that Jesus did not fulfill the prophecies of the Hebrew Bible.
* Islam: Islam reveres Jesus as a prophet, Isa, but does not consider him to be the Son of God or part of a Trinity. They believe in the absolute oneness of God (Allah). The Quran explicitly denies the concept of Jesus being the Son of God.
* Early Jewish Christians (Ebionites, Nazarenes): Some scholars believe that early groups of Jewish Christians, often referred to as Ebionites or Nazarenes, may have held views that differed from later orthodox Christian theology. Some of these groups may have seen Jesus as a righteous man and prophet, but not divine. Historical evidence about their beliefs is limited and often comes from sources critical of them.
Historically and Currently:
* Unitarianism: Unitarianism rejects the Trinity and the concept of Jesus being God. They view Jesus as a great teacher and moral example, but not divine. Unitarianism has existed in various forms throughout history, with a more formalized movement emerging in the 16th century.
* Other Religious Groups: Some other religious groups and spiritual philosophies may not accept the divinity of Jesus, including some forms of Gnosticism (historically) and some New Age movements (currently).
* Atheists and Agnostics: Atheists do not believe in any gods, including the Christian God and therefore reject the claim that Jesus is the son of God. Agnostics neither believe nor disbelieve in the existence of God, but generally do not accept the divinity of Jesus without sufficient evidence.
* Individuals: Throughout history, there have been numerous individuals who have rejected the idea of Jesus being the Son of God based on philosophical, rationalistic, or personal grounds.
It's important to remember that these are broad categories, and within each group, there may be a diversity of views and interpretations. The reasons for rejecting the concept of Jesus as the Son of God also vary widely depending on the individual's or group's specific beliefs and worldview.