Jewish perspectives on the second coming of Jesus vary widely, reflecting the diversity within Judaism itself. However, there are some general themes and common viewpoints:
* Rejection of Jesus as Messiah: Mainstream Judaism does not accept Jesus as the Messiah. The traditional Jewish understanding of the Messiah differs significantly from the Christian concept. In Jewish eschatology, the Messiah is expected to be a human leader who will:
* Be a descendant of King David.
* Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel.
* Rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem.
* Usher in an era of world peace and universal knowledge of God.
* Bring about the resurrection of the dead.
Since these events have not occurred, Jews do not believe Jesus fulfilled the Messianic prophecies.
* Jesus as a Jewish Teacher or Prophet: Some Jewish scholars and thinkers view Jesus as a historical Jewish figure—a teacher, rabbi, or prophet—who preached ethical and moral principles within the Jewish tradition. However, they do not consider him the Messiah or a divine being.
* The Concept of a Future Messiah: While rejecting Jesus as the Messiah, Jews still believe in the coming of a future Messiah who will fulfill the prophecies outlined in Jewish scripture. This belief is a central tenet of Jewish faith.
* Focus on Actions and Ethical Living: Many Jews emphasize the importance of ethical behavior, social justice, and adherence to Jewish law (Halakha) as the means to improve the world and bring about a Messianic era, regardless of when or how the Messiah will arrive. They focus on their own actions and the collective effort to create a better world.
* Diverse Interpretations: Within Judaism, there are different interpretations of Messianic prophecies and the nature of the Messianic age. Some take these prophecies literally, while others view them as symbolic or allegorical.
* Reformed Judaism Perspective: Some Reform Jews view the messianic age as an era of peace and justice brought about by human actions rather than by a personal Messiah. They focus on working to improve the world and create a more just society.