The "fundamental option" is a complex theological concept, not explicitly defined in a single paragraph in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, but the Catechism alludes to it and its implications in various sections. It is best understood as the
deep, basic orientation of a person's life either towards or away from God.
Here's a breakdown of what the Catechism teaches about it, piecing together relevant passages:
* It's about the orientation of the *whole* person: The fundamental option is not just about individual acts but about the *core* of a person's being, their deepest choice for or against God. It is about where a person's heart is truly set (CCC 1751, 1752, 1776).
* It's a choice expressed over time: While the fundamental option might be understood as being solidified in a single, conscious choice, it is more accurately described as being formed and expressed through a multitude of choices and actions throughout a person's life. Repeated actions in a certain direction strengthen that orientation (CCC 1734, 1735).
* It influences individual moral acts: The fundamental option significantly influences a person's individual moral choices. A person whose heart is oriented towards God is more likely to make choices that align with God's will. Conversely, someone oriented away from God will be more prone to sin (CCC 1749).
* It relates to mortal sin: The fundamental option is particularly relevant when considering mortal sin. Mortal sin requires: 1) Grave matter; 2) Full knowledge; and 3) Deliberate consent. The Catechism implies that mortal sin signifies a turning away from God, potentially impacting or even changing one's fundamental option (CCC 1855-1859).
* It is connected to charity: The primary example of an action that would represent a change of one's fundamental option is when one rejects the love of Christ, Charity. It would be the denial of one's love for God above all else.
Key Considerations & Nuances (Not explicitly in the Catechism, but important for understanding):
* Not every sin changes the fundamental option: The Church teaches that not every sin, even grave sins, necessarily changes a person's fundamental option. Weakness, ignorance, or overwhelming temptation can mitigate culpability. It is possible to commit a serious sin without fully turning away from God. This is where the distinction between venial and mortal sin comes into play.
* Continuity of faith: It is more challenging to reverse one's fundamental choice when it has been rooted in faith for decades. The concept of "fundamental option" helps to understand the difficulty of people who follow God throughout their life to suddenly change to turn away from Him at the final moments.
In summary: The fundamental option is the deep, underlying orientation of a person's life towards or away from God, shaped by their choices and influencing their individual moral acts. While not explicitly defined as such in the Catechism, it's a concept implied and supported by various teachings regarding free will, sin, and the ultimate direction of a person's life. It highlights the importance of cultivating a heart that is truly directed towards God through our daily choices and actions.