There isn't one single term that encompasses all early Christian leaders. The term used often depended on the role and context within the early church. Here are some common terms:
* Apostle: These were the original twelve disciples of Jesus, chosen by him to spread his message. After Jesus's death and resurrection, the apostles became key figures in spreading Christianity. Paul the Apostle, despite not being one of the original twelve, is also considered a major apostle.
* Elder/Presbyter: These terms (often considered interchangeable) referred to older, respected members of the community who provided leadership and guidance. They often oversaw the church in a particular location.
* Bishop/Overseer: The term "bishop" (episkopos in Greek) originally had a meaning that overlapped with "elder." In the early church, the bishop was an overseer or superintendent, often overseeing a local congregation or a group of congregations. Over time, the role of bishop became more distinct and hierarchical.
* Deacon/Deaconess: These individuals were appointed to serve the practical needs of the community, such as caring for the poor and the sick.
* Prophet/Teacher: Some early Christians were recognized for their ability to speak and teach with spiritual insight. These individuals played a role in instructing and inspiring the community.
* Evangelist: Those who actively spread the gospel message to new regions and people.
It's important to note that the specific roles and responsibilities of these leaders evolved over time during the early centuries of Christianity. The structure and organization of the early church was not static but developed in response to the needs of the growing Christian community.